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- The laws in force in either of the Contracting States will continue to govern the taxation of income in the respective Contracting States except where provisions to the contrary are made in this Agreement.
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- In the case of Canada, double taxation shall be avoided as follows:
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- Subject to the existing provisions of the law of Canada regarding the deduction from tax payable in Canada of tax paid in a territory outside Canada and to any subsequent modification of those provisions - which shall not affect the general principle hereof - and unless a greater deduction or relief is provided under the laws of Canada, tax payable in India on profits, income or gains arising in India shall be deducted from any Canadian tax payable in respect of such profits, income or gains.
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- Subject to the existing provisions of the law of Canada regarding the determination of the exempt surplus of a foreign affiliate and to any subsequent modification of those provisions - which shall not affect the general principle hereof - for the purpose of computing Canadian tax, a company which is a resident of Canada shall be allowed to deduct in computing its taxable income any dividend received by it out of the exempt surplus of a foreign affiliate which is a resident of India.
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- Where a resident of Canada owns capital which, in accordance with the provisions of the Agreement may be taxed in India, Canada shall allow as a deduction from the tax on capital of that resident an amount equal to the capital tax paid in India. Such deduction shall not, however, exceed that part of the capital tax (as computed before the deduction is given) which is attributable to the capital which may be taxed in India.
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- Where in accordance with any provision of the Agreement income derived or capital owned by a resident of Canada is exempt from tax in Canada, Canada may nevertheless, in calculating the amount of tax on the remaining income or capital of such resident, take into account the exempted income or capital.
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- In the case of India, double taxation shall be avoided as follows:
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- The amount of Canadian tax paid, under the laws of Canada and in accordance with the provisions of the Agreement, whether directly or by deduction, by a resident of India, in respect of income from sources within Canada which has been subjected to tax both in India and Canada shall be allowed as a credit against the Indian tax payable in respect of such income but in an amount not exceeding that proportion of Indian tax which such income bears to the entire income chargeable to Indian tax.
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- Where a resident of India owns capital, which, in accordance with the provisions of the Agreement, may be taxed in Canada, India shall allow as a deduction from the tax on the capital of that resident an amount equal to the capital tax paid in Canada. Such deduction shall not, however, exceed that part of the capital tax (as computed before the deduction is given) which is attributable to the capital which may be taxed in Canada.
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Provided that income which in accordance with the provisions of the Agreement is not to be subjected to tax may be taken into account in calculating the rate of tax imposed.
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- For the purposes of paragraph 2 (a), the term tax payable in India shall, with respect to a company which is a resident of Canada, be deemed to include any amount which would have been payable as Indian tax but for a deduction allowed in computing the taxable income or an exemption or reduction of tax granted for that year under:
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- sections 10(15)(iv), 10A, 32A (but not the part dealing with ships and aircraft), 80HH, 80HHD and 801A (but not the part dealing with ships) of the Income Tax Act, 1961, as amended, so far as they were in force on and have not been modified since the date of signature of the Agreement, or have been modified only in minor respects so as not to affect their general character; or
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- any other provision which may subsequently be made granting an exemption or reduction from tax which is agreed by the competent authorities of the Contracting States to be of a substantially similar character, if it has not been modified thereafter or has been modified only in minor respects so as not to affect its general character.
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Provided that relief from Canadian tax shall not be given by virtue of this paragraph in respect of income from any source if the income relates to a period starting more than ten fiscal year after the exemption from, or reduction of, Indian tax is first granted to the resident of Canada, in respect of that source.
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- For the purposes of this Article, profits, income or gains of a resident of a Contracting State which are taxed in the other Contracting State in accordance with the Agreement shall be deemed to arise from sources in that other State.