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(1) Where: a) an enterprise of a Contracting State participates directly or indirectly in the management, control or capital of an enter- prise of the other Contracting State; or b) the same persons participate directly or indirectly in the management, control or capital of an enterprise of a Con- tracting State and an enterprise of the other Contracting State, and in either case conditions operate between the two enter - prises in their commercial or financial relations which differ from those which might be expected to operate between independent enterprises dealing wholly independently with one another, then any profits which, but for those conditions, might have been expected to accrue to one of the enterprises, but, by reason of those conditions, have not so accrued, may be included in the profits of that enterprise and taxed accordingly.
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(2) Where a Contracting State includes in the profits of an enterprise of that State – and taxes accordingly – profits on which an enterprise of the other Contracting State has been charged to tax in that other State and the profits so included are profits which would have accrued to the enterprise of the first mentioned State if the conditions made between the enterprises had been those which would have been made between inde- pendent enterprises, then that other State shall make an appro- priate adjustment to the amount of tax charged therein on those profits. In determining such adjustment, due regard shall be had to the other provisions of this Agreement and for this purpose the competent authorities of the Contracting States shall if necessary consult each other.
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(3) A Contracting State shall not include in the profits of an enterprise, and tax accordingly, profits that would have accrued to the enterprise but by reason of the conditions referred to in paragraph 1 have not so accrued, after the expiration of 10 years from the end of the taxable year in which the profits would have accrued to the enterprise. The provisions of this paragraph shall not apply in the case of fraud, wilful default or, in the case of Australia, gross negligence, or, in the case of the Federal Republic of Germany, negligence, or where, within that period of 10 years, an audit into the profits of an enterprise has been initiated by either State.