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(1) For the purposes of this Agreement, the term “resident of a Contracting State” means any person who, under the laws of that State, is liable to tax therein by reason of his domicile, resi- dence, place of management or any other criterion of a similar nature, and also includes that State, a Land and any political subdivision or local authority thereof. This term, however, does not include any person who is liable to tax in that State in respect only of income from sources in that State or capital situated therein.
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(2) Where by reason of the provisions of paragraph 1 an indi- vidual is a resident of both Contracting States, then his status shall be determined as follows: a) he shall be deemed to be a resident only of the State in which he has a permanent home available to him; if he has a per- manent home available to him in both States, he shall be deemed to be a resident only of the State with which his per- sonal and economic relations are closer (centre of vital inter- ests); b) if the State in which he has his centre of vital interests cannot be determined, or if he has not a permanent home available to him in either State, he shall be deemed to be a resident only of the State in which he has an habitual abode; c) if he has an habitual abode in both States or in neither of them, he shall be deemed to be a resident only of the State of which he is a national; d) if he is a national of both States or of neither of them, the competent authorities of the Contracting States shall settle the question by mutual agreement.
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(3) Where by reason of the provisions of paragraph 1 a com- pany is a resident of both Contracting States, then it shall be deemed to be a resident of the State in which its place of effec- tive management is situated.