(1) For the purposes of this Agreement, unless the context
otherwise requires:
a) the term “Germany” means the Federal Republic of Germany
and when used in a geographical sense, the territory of the
Federal Republic of Germany as well as the area of the sea-
bed, its sub-soil and the superjacent water column adjacent
to the territorial sea, in so far as the Federal Republic of Ger-
many exercises sovereign rights and jurisdiction in conform-
ity with international law and its national legislation for the
purpose of exploring, exploiting, conserving and managing
the living and non-living natural resources;
b) the term “Cyprus” means the Republic of Cyprus and when
used in a geographical sense, the territory of the Republic of
Cyprus as well as the area of the sea-bed, its sub-soil and
the superjacent water column adjacent to the territorial sea, in
so far as the Republic of Cyprus exercises sovereign rights
and jurisdiction in conformity with international law and its
national legislation for the purpose of exploring, exploiting,
conserving and managing the living and non-living natural re-
sources;
c) the terms “a Contracting State” and “the other Contracting
State” mean Germany or Cyprus, as the context requires;
d) the term “person” means an individual, a company and any
other body of persons;
e) the term “company” means any body corporate or any enti-
ty that is treated as a body corporate for tax purposes;
f) the term “enterprise” applies to the carrying on of any busi-
ness;
g) the term “business” includes the performance of profession-
al services and of other activities of an independent charac-
ter;
h) the terms “enterprise of a Contracting State” and “enterprise
of the other Contracting State” mean respectively an enter-
prise carried on by a resident of a Contracting State or an en-
terprise carried on by a resident of the other Contracting
State;
i)
the term “international traffic” means any transport by a ship
or aircraft operated by an enterprise that has its place of
effective management in a Contracting State, except when
the ship or aircraft is operated solely between places in the
other Contracting State;
j)
the term “national” means:
aa) in respect of Germany
any German within the meaning of the Basic Law of the
Federal Republic of Germany and any legal person, part-
nership and association deriving its status as such from
the laws in force in Germany;
bb) in respect of Cyprus
any individual possessing the citizenship of the Repub-
lic of Cyprus and any legal person, partnership and as-
sociation deriving its status as such from the laws in
force in Cyprus;
k) the term “competent authority” means
aa) in the case of Germany the Federal Ministry of Finance
or the agency to which it has delegated its powers;
bb) in the case of Cyprus the Minister of Finance or his au-
thorised representative.
(2) As regards the application of the Agreement at any time by
a Contracting State any term not defined therein shall, unless the
context otherwise requires, have the meaning that it has at that
time under the law of that State for the purposes of the taxes to
which the Agreement applies, any meaning under the applicable
tax laws of that State prevailing over a meaning given to the term
under other laws of that State.
de-cyprus-2011-base | BGBl. 2011 II S. 1068 | Signed: 2011-02-18 | Gazette publication: 2011-11-07
Source form
official-publication PDF retained unchanged; reader derives from an evidenced native font-map encoding-recovery derivative, not OCR
Source scope
original implementing law, bilingual base treaty and accompanying protocol; not a current consolidated text
Retrieved
2026-09-30
Text and language scope
The original signing clause identifies German, Greek and English as authentic. Only German and English are supplied; the authentic Greek version is NOT included. The clause gives English precedence in divergent interpretation of the German and Greek texts. Unreviewed coordinate-based machine transcription of this original source edition only. Printed line breaks, hyphens and uncertain token spacing are retained, not silently corrected. Treaty preamble, closing formula, protocol and shared signatures are separate retained assets, not part of the last article. Full supplements: /review/de-cyprus-2011-base/. PDF page links identify pages, not verified paragraph correspondence. Signed 2011-02-18; consent law 2011-11-01; Gazette publication 2011-11-07; treaty entry into force UNRESOLVED in pinned audit (retained official-article audit evidence); general application from 2012-01-01 (roster, not universal tax-specific start). Encoding-recovery method: only independently evidenced source font code00 /space Unicode mappings U+0007 to U+0020 changed in a separately hashed derivative. CFF blank glyphs, 278-unit advances, unchanged decoded page content streams and 21/21 identical page renders evidence this mapping. Word regrouping is logged; every nonspace character is conserved in sequence within its physical source line. No generated treaty wording and no OCR.
Review status
Pending human wording, completeness, source-authority, currentness, alignment and rendering review. No legal review performed.
Currentness
Original source edition; not a verified current-law consolidation. Original base edition only; current law NOT verified. Integral protocol retained separately, not merged into the final article. Later changes and 2026 developments are not exhaustively verified. KNOWN LATER AMENDMENT OMITTED: protocol signed 2021-02-19, entry 2021-12-08, general application 2022-01-01 per pinned audit; not incorporated. Bounded agent triage, no qualified wording/alignment/legal review. No exhaustive verification of all later 2026 developments. Matching digest proves retained source identity, not legal force.
Protocols and later instruments
Integral protocol retained separately, not merged into the final article. Later changes and 2026 developments are not exhaustively verified. KNOWN LATER AMENDMENT OMITTED: protocol signed 2021-02-19, entry 2021-12-08, general application 2022-01-01 per pinned audit; not incorporated. Source-triage warnings: Bounded agent triage, no qualified wording/alignment/legal review. No exhaustive verification of all later 2026 developments. Matching digest proves retained source identity, not legal force. Known related/later instruments NOT included in this source (agent triage, not exhaustive): amending-protocol; signature date: 2021-02-19; entry into force: 2021-12-08; general application from: 2022-01-01; limit: Exact tax-specific application remains for protocol review.
Text language and status
en · authentic-language-transcription · machine-transcription
BGBl. 2011 II S. 1068 | de-cyprus-2011-base | de-cyprus-2011-base | BGBl. 2011 II S. 1068 | Signed: 2011-02-18 | Gazette publication: 2011-11-07 | Article 3 | en | Pending human wording, completeness, source-authority, currentness, alignment and rendering review. No legal review performed. | /library/treaties/de-cyprus-2011-base/en/articles/article-3/
Source, edition and limits
Source edition
de-cyprus-2011-base | BGBl. 2011 II S. 1068 | Signed: 2011-02-18 | Gazette publication: 2011-11-07
Source form
official-publication PDF retained unchanged; reader derives from an evidenced native font-map encoding-recovery derivative, not OCR
Source scope
original implementing law, bilingual base treaty and accompanying protocol; not a current consolidated text
Retrieved
2026-09-30
Text and language scope
The original signing clause identifies German, Greek and English as authentic. Only German and English are supplied; the authentic Greek version is NOT included. The clause gives English precedence in divergent interpretation of the German and Greek texts. Unreviewed coordinate-based machine transcription of this original source edition only. Printed line breaks, hyphens and uncertain token spacing are retained, not silently corrected. Treaty preamble, closing formula, protocol and shared signatures are separate retained assets, not part of the last article. Full supplements: /review/de-cyprus-2011-base/. PDF page links identify pages, not verified paragraph correspondence. Signed 2011-02-18; consent law 2011-11-01; Gazette publication 2011-11-07; treaty entry into force UNRESOLVED in pinned audit (retained official-article audit evidence); general application from 2012-01-01 (roster, not universal tax-specific start). Encoding-recovery method: only independently evidenced source font code00 /space Unicode mappings U+0007 to U+0020 changed in a separately hashed derivative. CFF blank glyphs, 278-unit advances, unchanged decoded page content streams and 21/21 identical page renders evidence this mapping. Word regrouping is logged; every nonspace character is conserved in sequence within its physical source line. No generated treaty wording and no OCR.
Review status
Pending human wording, completeness, source-authority, currentness, alignment and rendering review. No legal review performed.
Currentness
Original source edition; not a verified current-law consolidation. Original base edition only; current law NOT verified. Integral protocol retained separately, not merged into the final article. Later changes and 2026 developments are not exhaustively verified. KNOWN LATER AMENDMENT OMITTED: protocol signed 2021-02-19, entry 2021-12-08, general application 2022-01-01 per pinned audit; not incorporated. Bounded agent triage, no qualified wording/alignment/legal review. No exhaustive verification of all later 2026 developments. Matching digest proves retained source identity, not legal force.
Protocols and later instruments
Integral protocol retained separately, not merged into the final article. Later changes and 2026 developments are not exhaustively verified. KNOWN LATER AMENDMENT OMITTED: protocol signed 2021-02-19, entry 2021-12-08, general application 2022-01-01 per pinned audit; not incorporated. Source-triage warnings: Bounded agent triage, no qualified wording/alignment/legal review. No exhaustive verification of all later 2026 developments. Matching digest proves retained source identity, not legal force. Known related/later instruments NOT included in this source (agent triage, not exhaustive): amending-protocol; signature date: 2021-02-19; entry into force: 2021-12-08; general application from: 2022-01-01; limit: Exact tax-specific application remains for protocol review.
Text language and status
en · authentic-language-transcription · machine-transcription